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Irregular status of Iranian saffron

Saffron is one of the strategic products in Khorasan Razavi, Iran alone supplies 75% of the world’s needs. However, as much as it should, this product has not paid much attention. A product that in addition to job creation can be used to name Iran as the first country in the production of saffron.

However, the product today is at risk, which may be able to annihilate it, experts point out this complication as the fourth national scourge.
According to ISNA, Gholamreza Miri, chairman of the Khorasan Razavi Saffron Association, said that those who are collecting saffron in the field should use gloves and that the flowers collected in the chemical bag and plastic containers should not be disposable, but used from baskets So that those baskets do not hurt these flowers, then with the same baskets it is possible to transfer flowers to separation sites.
He added that the hall or place where the flower separation is carried out is a hall or a place approved by the health department. Hats and gloves should be used during work, otherwise saffron is contaminated with germs.
The chairman of the Khorasan Razavi saffron union said: “In addition, there should be no hair for women or gentlemen who separate saffron, because a 100 or 200 kg shipment is returned because of a hair curtain.
Miri continued: Saffron should be packaged immediately after separation with a dry heater and in a hygienic package, aluminum, metal container, glass or plastic to maintain the quality of saffron, but if it is naturally dried or dried in the sun, Lost and contaminated.
Capacity of about one million people in the saffron industry
The president of the Saffron Exporters Association of Khorasan Razavi noted about the permanent employment rate of this product: the employment rate of this product in the production, distribution, processing, packaging and export of about one million people. At present, about 120 to 130 thousand households are engaged in the production sector and about 20-30 thousand people are involved in the processing sector.
He added: “There are also 50 exporters of saffron in the country, which typically have between 30 and 50 employees.” There are currently about 360 units of active saffron, with between 2 and 5 people in each unit. If we consider the separation of 3 kilos of saffron flowers for one worker, the rate of employment of saffron is also more than one million people.
The president of the Khorasan Razavi Exporters Association said that saffron in foreign markets was sold at a maximum of 5 percent of the domestic price to foreign customers, saying that supply and demand have declined in domestic markets this year, meaning that consumption of saffron has decreased But in foreign markets, by the end of August, according to customs statistics, it has increased by about 6%, in fact, there is a demand for exports in the past.
Miri said that saffron is currently exported to 47 countries, most of which are UAE, Spain, China, Germany, France, Italy, Australia, Norway, Belgium, Japan, Korea and the Gulf States.

He added: “Increasing the quality of saffron, protecting the producer, exporting and exporting, and price stability can save Iran on global markets, otherwise, as soon as foreign buyers, suppliers and rivals find Iran in foreign markets, they certainly These suppliers will go.
Referring to the negligible amount of saffron hoarding, Miri said, some brokers bought saffron from the farmer during harvesting season, hoping to be more expensive in the future, but this year many of them suffered because they From the season of picking saffron, this product was slightly more expensive, but at the moment the product has faced a drop in prices.
Miri expressed hope that this year, dealers who seek to disturb and tense in the market will stop buying saffron.
Saffron Bank, a plan that remained on paper
The head of the Khorasan Razavi saffron sales union said about Saffron Bank plan: According to this plan, we bought the saffron from the farmer at a price approved by the experts of the Ministry of Agricultural Jihad or at any other place and analyzed and labeled it. Let’s talk
Miri added: The analyzed saffron was delivered to the bank and then the same amount of money paid to the farmer was taken from the bank and placed that saffron under the control of the bank to serve as a backbone and to regulate the market in the bank. If one day the brokers demanded that they disturb the market, saffron will receive backing from the bank of saffron and its money will be paid to the bank and it will not occur with the injection of this saffron into the market.
Chairman of Saffron Union of Khorasan Razavi stated: Saffron bank plan is on paper and unfortunately nobody supports it, while if the project is implemented, it is surely possible for the Iranian exporter to safely conclude long-term contracts in the target countries of export with its customers. .
Miri added: “With the implementation of this scheme, we do not allow Spanish traders to buy Iranian saffron and keep them in their warehouses with 1.5 to 2 percent facilities, and sell saffron to customers who can not meet the price volatility.” .
“Officials and officials say why Spain bought and sells our saffron, but if these issues are resolved, Iran can stay in the marketplace and can gradually manage the market and prevent Spain from saffron Selling Iran to a brand called saffron, Spain.
Saffron union chairman of Khorasan Razavi pointed out that till now the saffron has not been offered on the stock exchange, because of the added value, the occupancy of low space and the lack of corruption of this product, saffron is kept at home, and on the other hand due to the price difference of this product At the beginning and end of the year, it is not possible to offer saffron in the stock exchange. The merchants who buy saffron have their own customers, so there is no reason to offer this product on the stock exchange.
The head of Saffron Union of Khorasan Razavi, pointing to the greatest strength and weakness of saffron in recent months, said: “The biggest strength of saffron in the last few months has been the stability of the price of this product and its biggest disadvantage is speculators.” These brokers usually make it difficult for us at the time of delivery and at another time, in the sense that at the same time, we are forced to buy saffron from brokers who are not farmers and use breaks.
Behzad Sadeghi, a member of the Saffron National Council, also said about the problem of saffron producers: At present, the world consumes about 320 to 330 tons of saffron per year, which is produced in Khorasan Razavi and South Khorasan.
He continued: if saffron is produced in the west or northern part of Iran, it is possible cheaper to produce it, because in those areas there is a lot of water, but Khorasan, facing water shortages and severe drought, will soon be planting products Like cotton, sugar beets and tomatoes that need plenty of water and summer water, they are not blue, so all people living in central and southern Khorasan are dependent on saffron.
Destruction of saffron cultivation in Khorasan Razavi and the Southern Quartet
A member of the Saffron National Council, pointing out that the cultivation of saffron in central and southern Khorasan is the fourth national blow, said that if cultivation of saffron disappears in this area, this disaster can be placed in the row of Lake Urmia. While the Lake Urmia can be treated with funding, but if the cultivation of the crop in Khorasan is eliminated, it will no longer be possible to return, and Afghanistan and China will replace Iran in cultivating saffron.
He added: At present, 190,000 saffron farmers are eager to produce saffron. If the family members of this 190,000 farmers are an average of 5 people, the lives of about 900,000 people are directly related to saffron, so the destruction of saffron cultivation in Khorasan is a serious issue.

Sadiqi said: Last year, on the one hand, Saffron 2000 billion USD has flowed to Torbat Heydarieh to Birjand, on the other hand, in a country with 6 million unemployed people, this product has created permanent employment for 90 000 people.
He said the lack of liquidity is one of the problems of saffron producers, so manufacturers have to sell their product, which is produced this season, at a price that the brokers determine.
A member of the National Saffron Council noted: “The biggest strength of saffron is the 2000 billion tomans that it brings to the region and 3 to 4 times the share of oil to 190 thousand people, but its disadvantage is the cultivation of saffron cultivation in other areas. Currently, 80,000 hectares of land are cultivated under saffron cultivation, which should reduce its level and increase its efficiency and yield. Iran’s saffron yield is 3500 g / ha, which should be 10 kg / ha.
“If 3500 grams of saffron from 90,000 hectares reaches 10 kilos per hectare, then this production could only be achieved on 30,000 hectares of land, and as a result, water was lost in 60,000 hectares,” he said. Will be prevented. To compete in the world and stand up against countries like China and Afghanistan, saffron should be produced cheaply and at low cost. One of the ways to increase the productivity of saffron is to pressurized irrigation.
Saffron comprehensive plan requires funding
A member of the National Council of Saffron said that the Saffron Plan was a comprehensive plan for saffron, which said that all the issues related to saffron have been seen from production to export and settlement of its nodes. If the credibility of this plan is to be completed, within 4 years all these issues will be resolved.
Sadeghi, pointing out that the plan was approved in the previous government, stated that in the year 87 or 88, the export of saffron would reach $ 400 million. If the credit required for the comprehensive plan of saffron is reached, the export value of saffron can be increased by more than a billion dollars.
He pointed out that Saffron fraud is currently the main buyer of White Saffron in Dubai. Smugglers buy this part of a saffron flower a kilo and export them at very cheap prices in Dubai. Then, this type of saffron is painted, mixed with main saffron and packed with the Dubai brand. This saffron is sold at a price of 5 to 6 million toomans, while Dubai does not have saffron.

Increasing the number of smuggled saffron bulbs this year
Masoud Atefi, General Manager of Mashhad, regarding the comparative statistics of export of saffron in the first six months of the year 95 in terms of weight and value of dollars from the customs of Khorasan Razavi noted: saffron in packing more than 30 grams, 47 thousand and 44 kilograms worth 67 Millions and $ 303 thousand and $ 669 have been issued. Types of saffron for sealing between 10 and 30 grams are available for retail outlets of 10,95 kilograms and 15 million and 192 thousand and 544 dollars in terms of the value of the rial.
He stated that saffron was packed more than 30 grams in the first 6 months of the year 1395 compared to the same period last year, with a weight of 113 percent and a value of 122 percent, and a variety of saffron for sealing between 10 and 30 grams ready for the retail store of 64 percent and 63 – Percentage in change value.
Embossed: Also, unsalted or unpacked saffron in packages of less than 10 grams, 1071 kilograms worth of one million and 690 thousand and 481 dollars worth of rial exports and exports of various types of powdered saffron, sealed between 10-30 grams ready for the retail store of 21 kilograms Rials worth $ 38,893.
Emphasis said that during this time, unsalted or unsweetened saffron, weighing less than 10 grams, weighing 62% and worth 61%, saffron powder types in packaging between 10 and 30 grams ready for retail weight 91% and In terms of value, it represents 113% of the change.
He continued: Saffron powder in packages of less than 10 grams, 16 kilograms worth Rials 35,559 dollars, which weighed 83 percent and has changed by 79 percent in dollar terms.
Khorasan Razavi customs inspector said export volumes for these types of saffron in the first six months of last year were 52,911 kilograms worth 75 million 764 thousand dollars and 249 dollars, but in the first six months of this year, 58 thousand and 247 kg worth 84 million Exports of 261 thousand and 136 dollars, compared to the same period last year, were 10 percent and 11 percent, respectively.
Emphasis added: Saffron is exported from the customs of Khorasan Razavi to the countries of the United Arab Emirates, Spain, China, Hong Kong, France, Australia, Canada, the United Kingdom, Turkey and Iraq.
He stated: “The export of saffron is based on the standard of the standard office and the export is exempt from payment of any duties.”
Emphasis on the amount of discoveries of smuggle of saffron onion in the first six months of the year 1395. He said: “From Dugaron’s customs in three cases, 98 kg of saffron onion worth 6 million and 930 thousand Rials have been discovered.
Afshari, secretary of the commission for coordinating and monitoring the fight against smuggling of goods and currency of Khorasan Razavi, argued that the smuggling of onions of saffron was 143,900 kg last year, which was 199,000 and 868kg in the first six months of this year. .
The Secretary of the Commission for Planning, Coordination and Supervision of the Anti-Smuggling of Khorasan Razavi Goods and Currency on the Rial Value of the Discoveries stated: The value of the rial of these discoveries depends on the weight of onions. 2 grams of saffron onion is not worth it, but onion saffron weighs 8 grams up, and usually sells 4-5 thousand tomans per kilogram.
He said that 120,000 tons of saffron onion had a surplus of production, adding that while sending saffron onion because it is said to be one of the strategic reserves of the province, it is also banned in other provinces and abroad and can not be legally allowed to be sent. Unless smuggled.
The Secretary of the Commission for the Planning, Coordination and Monitoring of Combating the Smuggling of Goods and Currency of Khorasan Razavi noted that Agricultural Jihad should carry out a study program or project for the use of saffron bulbs other than re-cultivating it. The main destination is Afghanistan’s saffron bulbs, and several shipments have been seized in this direction.
He added: There were also Torbat Heydarieh, Zaweh, Gonabad and Kashmar areas, but the most discoveries were from the south of the province. Currently, our country supplies 75% of the world’s saffron, due to excess saffron production, this product is not smuggled out of the country, but it should be exported, otherwise the price of this product will drop sharply and the farmer will suffer too.

source: isna /ir